Diversidade genetica do hiv

AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES Volume 25, Number 9, 2009 ª Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089=aid.2009.0073

SEQUENCE NOTE

HIV Type 1 Diversity from Newly Diagnosed Patients in Santos Metropolitan Area=Brazil
Dercy Jose de Sa-Filho, Rafael Favero Ambar, Natalia Brenneken Duarte, ´ Rafael Braganca Rodrigues Matias, Valeria Candido, Luiz Henrique Gagliani, and Marcos Montani Caseiro ¸ ´

Abstract

HIV-1 from infected subjects has been characterized in order to provide a more accurate view of the strains that are currently found in a given region. In this report, we focused on characterizing the pol gene diversity obtained from newly diagnosed patients in Santos metropolitan area, Brazil. This region is composed of nine cities and an international port. Analysis of the 33 samples revealed that 22 strains belonged to subtype B, 4 to subtype F, and 2 to subtype C; 5 strains were B=F recombinants. Our results demonstrated that 18.2% of samples were primary antiretroviral resistance genotypic mutations, with high-level resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors in both subtypes B and F and in recombinant forms B=F. Our data revealed that the primary antiretroviral resistance genotypic mutations should be carefully investigated in developing countries with widespread access to antiretrovirals, such as Brazil.

he Brazilian epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is complex with the presence of subtypes B, F, and C, and a multitude of recombinant genomes emerging from these subtypes.1–8 We previously described two HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms in Santos, Brazil classifieds as CRF28_BF and CRF29_BF.5 The Santos metropolitan area includes an international port and nine cities. It was the first region of Brazil to include HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy in HIV=AIDS programs in 1996. In this article we describe sequence analyses of the pol (protease and reverse transcriptase) gene in HIV-1 newly diagnosed individuals from the Santos