Venezuela

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Venezuela, officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America and is a federal presidential republic consisting of 23 states.
The colors of the Venezuelan flag are yellow, blue and red, in that order: the yellow stands for land wealth, the blue for the sea that separates Venezuela from Spain, and the red for the blood shed by the heroes of independence.
Etymology
In 1499, an expedition led by Alonso de Ojeda visited the Venezuelan coast. The stilt houses in the area of Lake Maracaibo reminded the navigator Amerigo Vespucci of the city of Venice, so he named the region "Veneziola", which in contemporary Tuscan (Vespucci's native tongue) meant "little Venice".
Colonization
Christopher Columbus sailed along the eastern coast of Venezuela on his third voyage in 1498, the only one of his four voyages to reach the South American mainland. This expedition discovered the so-called "Pearl Islands" of Cubagua and Margarita off the northeastern coast of Venezuela. Later Spanish expeditions returned to exploit these islands, beginning the Spain's colonization of mainland Venezuela in 1522.
Independence
After a series of unsuccessful uprisings, under the leadership of Francisco de Miranda, Venezuela declared independence on 5 July 1811. This began the Venezuelan War of Independence.
Sovereignty was only attained after Simón Bolívar won the Battle of Carabobo on 24 June 1821. New Granada's congress gave Bolívar control of the Granadian army; leading it, he liberated several countries and founded Gran Colombia.
Bolivarian Revolution
A collapse in confidence in the existing parties saw Chávez elected President in 1998, and the subsequent launch of a "Bolivarian Revolution", beginning with a 1999 Constituent Assembly to write a new Constitution of Venezuela.
Hugo Chavez was the most elected politician elected on the earth in clean elections. He was elected four times in a row.