Politcadepromocaodeexportacao

KSP with Brazil

KSP with Brazil

Contents

1. Introduction 2. Export Patterns 3. Export Promotion (EP) Measures 4. Empirical Evidence 5. Implications

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Introduction
Korea: rapid economic growth during the early 1960s ~ the early 2000s

KSP with Brazil

- accompanied by rapid growth of export values Export values:
1963: US$87 million 1980: US$18 billion 2010: US$466 billion

Trade deficits until the first half of the 1980s – trade surpluses since 1998 Trade dependence ratio: 39 percent in 1970 to 105 percent in 2010 GNP per capita: less than US$100 in 1960 to US$20,600 in 2010 The government: pursued export promotion policies under the slogan “Export Number One” since 1964; provided various incentives to promote exports during the period of rapid economic growth; set the target of exporting labor intensive products during the 1960s; tried to promote production/export of the heavy and chemical industries. Page ⊙3

Export Patterns
Import substitution until the early 1960s

KSP with Brazil

Export promotion since 1964, subsidizing the light industry in the 1960s; the heavy

and chemical industry since the 1970s The government began to emphasize research and development (R&D) policies and development of technology-intensive industries since the mid-1980s. increase in exports of technology-based electronic products since the late 1980s Export values/GDP ratio: 7.7 percent during 1962-1966, 27.8 percent during 1972-1976, and 42.2 percent during 2007-2009

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Export Patterns

KSP with Brazil

Table 1. The Tendency of Economic Growth, Exports and Exports/GDP
Years 1962-1966 1967-1971 1972-1976 1977-1981 1982-1986 1987-1991 1992-1996 1997-2001 2002-2006 2007-2009 Annual Average Real GDP Growth Rate (%) 8.0 9.7 8.4 6.1 8.7 9.2 7.0 4.3 4.8 2.5 Export Values (US Billions) 1 3 22 77 141 307 510 734 1239 1186 Export/GDP (percent) 7.7 13.7 27.8 31.5 34.4 32.1 28.7 42.8 31.2 42.2

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Export Patterns
Table 2. Exports