Inglês

SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS (⇒ -d / -ed) * The past tense suffix pronunciation is influenced by the previous SOUND. * If the previous sound is either /t/ or /d/, there will be an extra syllable: /ɪd/. * If the previous sound is voiceless / p f s ʧ ʃ k /, the suffix is pronounced /t/. * If the previous sound is voiced, the suffix is pronounced /d/.

Voiced: / b d g v ð z ʒ dʒ m n ŋ l r w j /

Voiceless: / p t k f θ s ʃ h tʃ /

SIMPLE PAST PRONUNCIATION
E.G. /t/ /d/ /ɪd/ barked –stopped –danced cleaned –used – arrived acted– landed – invited

SIMPLE PRESENT (3rd person), PLURAL FORM and GENITIVE CASE * The pronunciation of these suffixes (-s/-es) is influenced by the previous SOUND. * If the previous sound is sibilant /s z ʧ ʤ ʃ ʒ /, there will be an extra syllable: /ɪz/. * If the previous sound is voiceless / p f θ t k /, the suffix is pronounced /s/. * If the previous sound is voiced, the suffix is pronounced /z/.

Voiced: / b d g v ð z ʒ dʒ m n ŋ l r w j /

Voiceless: / p t k f θ s ʃ h tʃ /

E.G. /s/ /z/ /ɪz/ makes –tapes – Jeff’s drives –beds – Pam’s washes– boxes – Jorge’s

ALPHABET NAME PRONUNCIATION
When to pronounce the ALPHABET NAME:
I) Two vowels together – the first will say its alphabet name and the second will be silent: bait – lead – die – boat – suit
II) vowel + consonant + “e” – the first will say its alphabet name and the “e” will be silent: late – Pete – like – code – nude
III) vowel + consonant + vowel – the first will say its alphabet name and the second will use a “nickname” or the weak sound (schwa: ə): lady – Peter – icy – motor – Cuba

NICKNAME PRONUNCIATION
When to pronounce the vowel “nickname”:
IV) vowels + consonant/end of a word (or end of a syllable). This rule is 80% accurate.* hat – bed – hit – dog – put
V) vowel + double consonant. This rule is