Licenciada

ABSTRACT

The fasciolosis is a disease that affects domestic and wild ruminants and eventually the man by the consumption of contaminated water and vegetables. Caused mainly by the Trematoda Fasciola hepatica, the fasciolosis is recurrent over Southern and Southeast of Brazil. Causing severe economic losses to cattle ranching and the worldwide due to the high power of dissemination, searching for new ways to understand and control this disease delimiting possible outbreaks in state. The global climatic changes may alter the occurrence of fasciolosis in several locations. Through the exposition it was observed the necessity of mapping of favorability on the current and future risk to F. hepatica using the Geographic Information System (GIS). The results demonstrated that areas of high risk gaskets totaled 35.42% and the risk actual tended to lessen with accruals 1-5 ° C in the temperature. For a better view of the problem, location and prevalence of the fasciolosis in the Espírito Santo, dice of cattle slaughter in slaughterhouses were collected through (SIF / SIE / MAP) in the years 2009 to 2011, and used to generate epidemiological maps prevalence in the GIS environment with generation of a zoning map based on the variables of temperature, precipitation, altitude and steepness. So the zoning to fasciolosis showed that 5.24% of the state areas suitable for the development of the disease. The combination of the maps generated by zoning and prevalences that were observed in the 11 slaughterhouses distributed in state showed that those in the communes of Atilio Vivacqua, Cachoerio de Itapemirim and Anchieta, showed the highest prevalence rates with 28.41%, 25.50 % and 24.95% respectively. For the slaughterhouse located in Anchieta was registered a mean prevalence of 8.38%. Therefore, it is evident that epidemiological data combined with the GIS become a valuable tool for making decisions aimed at minimizing the occurrence of fasciolosis in the state of Espírito