Gerenciamento De Res Duos

Assuntos Gerais

Quim. Nova, Vol. 26, No. 4, 602-611, 2003
GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS LABORATORIAIS: RECUPERAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS E PREPARO PARA
DESCARTE FINAL
Júlio Carlos Afonso*, Leandro Anido Noronha, Renata Pinheiro Felipe e Nicolas Freidinger
Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia,
Bloco A, CP 68563, 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Recebido em 29/4/02; aceito em 9/10/02

LABORATORY WASTE MANAGEMENT: RECOVERY OF ELEMENTS AND FINAL DISPOSAL. This work shows some laboratory waste management developed in order to recover some elements or to prepare the waste for a correct final disposal.
The 25 elements chosen cover basically all chemical behaviors found for the metals in the Periodic Table. The treatments adopted were based on the classical behavior in aqueous solution (wet chemistry) but an important condition for a full success was the previous knowledge of the qualitative composition of the wastes treated. Some general trends were found: the final liquid waste was always saline and normally presented a higher volume than the original waste; most original wastes were acid in nature; steps such as solid-liquid separation, washing, evaporating and calcining were currently performed. This work was also a very good experience in chemistry in solution for students and showed them the need of treating wastes for a better environment.
Keywords: residue; metals recovery; waste treatment.

INTRODUÇÃO
O gerenciamento de resíduos químicos em laboratórios de ensino e pesquisa no Brasil começou a ser amplamente discutido nos anos de 1990, sendo de vital importância para as grandes instituições geradoras, incluindo as Universidades.
A ausência de um órgão fiscalizador, a falta de visão e o descarte inadequado levaram muitas Universidades a poluir o meio ambiente, promover o desperdício de material e arcar com o mau gerenciamento dos produtos sintetizados ou manipulados. Houve realmente um tempo onde os