Proteomica

Slide 1 - Proteómica
Proteomica started to develop in the 1970s when protein profiles of single organisms were analyzed by 2-DE
Since the 1990s proteomics has become much more widespread, feasible, and reliable thanks to three technical revolutions:
(i) the enormous increase of genomic and metagenomic data provides a solid basis for protein identification;
(ii) tremendous progress in sensitivity and accuracy of mass spectrometers enables a correct, highthroughput protein identification, relative and absolute quantification of proteins, and the determination of post-translational modifications; and
(iii) formidable improvements incomputing power and bioinformatics allow processing and evaluation of substantial datasets. proteomics not only characterizes the final gene products but also provides detailed information about protein abundances, stabilities, turnover rates, posttranslational modifications, and protein-protein interactions, all of which provide critical metabolic activity information well beyond the genome and transcriptome levels.
Metaproteoma
Rodriguez-Valera (44) proposed the term “metaproteome” to describe the genes and/or proteins most abundantly expressed in environmental samples.
Utiidades
from simple protein cataloging (e.g. by mapping the protein complement of an ecosystem at a certain time point) to comparative and quantitative proteomics (e.g. by evaluating how different environmental conditions affect protein expression), analyses of protein localizations, discovery of post-translational modifications which might affect protein functionality, investigation of protein-protein interactions, and even determination of amino-acid sequences and genotypes, (e.g. by strain-resolved proteogenomics).
Desvantagem
At present, it is readily possible to use proteomic approaches to identify at least 50 to 70% of the predicted proteome for most bacteria grown under a single growth condition. For example, 2,000 to 2,500 proteins can be identified for