Eletrica

O N E

Introduction
ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Guided missiles, automatic gain control in radio receivers, satellite tracking antenna 2. Yes - power gain, remote control, parameter conversion; No - Expense, complexity 3. Motor, low pass filter, inertia supported between two bearings 4. Closed-loop systems compensate for disturbances by measuring the response, comparing it to the input response (the desired output), and then correcting the output response. 5. Under the condition that the feedback element is other than unity 6. Actuating signal 7. Multiple subsystems can time share the controller. Any adjustments to the controller can be implemented with simply software changes. 8. Stability, transient response, and steady-state error 9. Steady-state, transient 10. It follows a growing transient response until the steady-state response is no longer visible. The system will either destroy itself, reach an equilibrium state because of saturation in driving amplifiers, or hit limit stops. 11. Transient response 12. True 13. Transfer function, state-space, differential equations 14. Transfer function - the Laplace transform of the differential equation State-space - representation of an nth order differential equation as n simultaneous first-order differential equations Differential equation - Modeling a system with its differential equation

SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS
1. Five turns yields 50 v. Therefore K =

50 volts = 1.59 5 x 2π rad

2 Chapter 1: Introduction

2.

Desired temperature

Temperature difference

Voltage difference

Fuel flow

Actual temperature Heater

+
Thermostat

Amplifier and valves

-

3.

Desired roll angle

Input voltage

Error voltage Aileron position control

Aileron position Aircraft dynamics

Roll rate Integrate

Roll angle

Pilot controls

+ -

Gyro voltage

Gyro

4.
Desired speed transducer Input voltage

+ -

Speed Error voltage
Amplifier

Motor and drive system
Dancer